Test 3 Review Essays - Military History By Country, Military

Test 3 Review Poland Blitzkrieg- On 1st September 1939, German forces invaded Poland. Blitzkrieg was now put into practice. A form of warfare used by German forces in World War II. In a blitzkrieg, troops in vehicles, such as tanks, made quick surprise strikes with support from airplanes. These tactics resulted in the swift German conquest of France and Poland in 1940 (see fall of France).Blitzkrieg is German for "lightning war." The Third Reich-The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s. Evacuation of Dunkirk-German motorized columns broke into France through southern Belguim, split the Franco-British forces;. British withdrew their troops but not their equipment and French was taken over by the Nazis. Dates: May 27, 1940 - Jun 4, 1940 1940 France Surrenders(Compiegne)- April 1940, ending the "phony war." Hitler then moved on to the Netherlands and Belgium. By late June 1940, France was forced to surrender. When France surrendered, Americans realized that England was all that stood between Hitler controlling all of Europe. Battle of Britain- an aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. Jul 10, 1940 - Oct 31, 1940 Eva Braun-A minor movie star in the 1930s, Eva Braun became Hitler's mistress and married him the day before they committed suicide in the underground bunker at the end of WWII. Operation Barbarossa-The codename for Hitler's attack on Russia, despite the Russo-German Non-aggression Pact. Hitler's reasons for attacking Russia include: Lebensraum; Resources (oil in the south and coal and food in the north); Russia had Europe's largest concentration of Jews; Crusade again Communism. Russian armies retreated slowly, "scorching the earth" as they did to deal with Napoleon. Communist Guerilla bands harassed the invaders. Pearl Harbor(12/7/41)- 7:50-10:00 AM, December 7, 1941 - Surprise attack by the Japanese on the main U.S. Pacific Fleet harbored in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii destroyed 18 U.S. ships and 200 aircraft. American losses were 3000, Japanese losses less than 100. In response, the U.S. declared war on Japan and Germany, entering World War II. USS Arizona-Battleship sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Almost half of the Americans killed during the attack were on this ship. The ship remains in commission despite having been sunk. A memorial to the soldiers and sailors who died at Pearl Harbor floats above the wreckage of the ship. Dwight D. Eisenhower-Nicknamed "Ike", was a General of the Army (five star general) in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953-1961).As President, he oversaw the cease-fire of the Korean War, kept up the pressure on the Soviet Union during the Cold War, made nuclear weapons a higher defense priority, launched the Space Race, enlarged the Social Security program, and began the Interstate Highway System. Concentration Camps-a penal camp where political prisoners or prisoners of war are confined (usually under harsh conditions) Normandy 6/6/44- June 6, 1944, In the first 24 hours, 150,000 allied troops landed on the beach of Normandy. An additional million waded ashore in the following weeks, and allies reached inland in July, arriving in Paris by August. By summer's end British secured Belgium and the Americans recovered France and Luxembourg. 12/44 Battle of Bulge-AKA Battle of the Ardennes started on December 16, 1944. planned by the Germans was to split the British and American Allied line in half, capturing Antwerp and then proceeding to encircle and destroy four Allied armies, forcing the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis's favor. The "bulge" refers to the salient the Germans initially put into the Allies' line of advance. the most bloody of the comparatively few European battles American forces experienced in WWII, the 19,000 American dead Island Hopping-The Americans would bypass heavily fortified islands and starve and bomb the smaller surrounding ones to push the Japanese back. The focus of the Americans became defending the islands in Alaska. Guadalcanal-Where a struggle of terrible ferocity developed and continued for six months, inflicting heavy losses on both sides. In the end, however, the Japanese were forced to abandon the island-and with it their last chance of launching an effective offensive

Foreigners in French Society Essay Sample

Foreigners in French Society Essay Sample Foreigners in French Society Essay Example Foreigners in French Society Essay Example Attitude towards immigrants is characterized by many factors: state’s support, ease of finding work, presence of prejudices, and daily attitude towards immigrants of the local population. In some countries, new citizens are dissolved among the locals. However, in the majority of countries, they live in certain areas, preserving their culture and traditions. France is one of many countries that attract thousands of immigrants from Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Georgia, and other countries. The reasons for immigration are different: visa for academic, refugee status, employment contract, or marriage with French citizens. France was considered the only European country that stimulated immigration in the postwar period in order to enlist labor force for the country. Nevertheless, particular latest terrorist attacks, which were made by immigrants or their descendants, have forced people to review the reasons for these extreme actions. Integration of immigrants is specified by certain factors such as the ability to access the labor markets, the degree of occupational mobility, knowledge of the language, age, education, the overall level of development, the influence of the mass media, plans for the future, the type of public relations, and the attitude of the local population. The possible causes of the discontent among the immigrants, which finds its expression in various riots, demonstrations and terrorist’s attacks, can be understood by tracing and evaluating the changes in the attitude towards immigrants in France, where the policies, political parties, economy, and social media create particular difficulties for foreigners. Now, migration has become an important factor of modern life. It has a significant impact on the economic, political, and social life of many countries, including France, where immigrants or their descendants make up a large part of the population. Currently, in this country, more than a third of all the French citizens have ancestors-immigrants, or those who once came to the country to settle there permanently. This gives the right to say that the problem of immigration touches upon the history of many French families. Immigrants make up a large proportion of workers in certain sectors of the economy, particularly in those where a large scale is given to manual labor (textile, food, leather, construction, and other industries). Immigrant workers account for up to half or even more of those involved in unskilled labor. According to Dunham, 8.8 percent of French population is immigrants. â€Å"From 2004 to 2012 an average of 200,000 migrants arrived on French shores every year† (Dunham). Despite the belief that Africans constitute the biggest portion of immigrants, they counted only 30 percent in 2012, whereas 46 percent of immigrants were Europeans. Dunham emphasizes that â€Å"France’s immigrant population is rising at an average of 1.6 percent per year.† The beginning of migration flows to France accounts for the 19-20th centuries. The reasons for this phenomenon include demographic and economic circumstances present of that time. The low birth rate in the country caused serious concern in French society. Government appeal to make children was converted to all social strata and groups. Immigration also played a special role in this process. The fact that France experienced the lack of cheap labor could explain the massive influx of immigrants mostly of European descent who had arrived to the country looking for employment. Moreover, they settled not only in the border areas, but also in central France. Italians were among the first immigrants. They were engaged in low-paid, unskilled labor, which was extremely beneficial to the local entrepreneurs. By the end of World War I, the character of immigration to France changed qualitatively. Since then, it has been associated with industrialized development of the country and became tradit ional reason for immigration. In the postwar period, the French capital sought to develop mainly labor immigration, which had led to significant changes in its social structure. Having taken a course for controlled importation of workers, the state tried to provide workforce to those industries and agriculture that had widely used low skilled and unskilled labor (construction, mining, iron and steel industry as well as some types of heavy and dangerous work in other branches of industry). During the war, the transition to organized collective labor recruitment in the French possessions began. This was carried out by specifically created service of colonial workers. It should be noted that the contract system of employment significantly reduced wages. France’s immigration policy has become even less tolerant since 2006. A new immigration and integration law was adopted on July 25, 2006 (Chou and Baygert). It supports high-skilled migration and limits family reunification. The law meant that only relevant people would be allowed to enter the country. The majority of poor and unemployed foreigners were left behind. The law was targeted at dramatically reducing the influx of immigrants from outside the EU as well as deporting a significant part of illegal immigrants. According to the innovation, migration services dramatically reduce the number of immigrants with inadequate education and minimal skills (Chou and Baygert). Every year, the government forms a quota on the number of jobs that might be claimed by foreigners. All other workers will have to pass strict control to live in France. The law worsened the position of the so-called mixed families, in which one spouse was a citizen of France, and the second did not have the French citizenship. For a foreigner in such a pair, government greatly increased term of residence, which was aimed at fighting with fictitious marriages. The reunification of families also became more difficult. If earlier, an immigrant was able to bring the whole family to France, now it will be possible only if he has a high-paying job and adequate housing. This law caused a wave of protests. Young people smashed and burned cars and shops. Children and grandchildren of immigrants, who were born in France and had French citizenship, constituted the greater number of the rioters. They protested against discrimination of ethnic and religious minorities that existed in the country before the new law. To stop the riots, in most parts of the country, a curfew was implemented. Only force managed to stop the wave of protests. The rise of the far right party that opposed immigration evidenced that nationalism had always been a powerful force in French politics. The lingering global crisis became the ideal food to continue its active development. During the 2012 presidential election, the right-wing party National Front gained almost 20 percent, a record for all time of its existence (â€Å"The Role of the National Front in the 2002 French Presidential Elections†). The centerpiece of the ideological aspects of the party was taken by the idea that immigration presented a threat to national identity. National Front was founded by Jean-Mari Le Pen, who used anti-Semitic ideas and Catholic fundamentalism. It should be noted that the party did not immediately receive national recognition and support. Only after correction of ideological basis in the mid-1980s, which was based on the priority of discussing immigration, law and order, it began to achieve popularity (Posta 251). The party considers immigrants, especially Muslims, the main threat to national identity and national security of France. In this respect, the party treats the representatives of other nations and peoples of Europe, particularly the Roma, the same. Representatives of the Eastern European countries are also considered as unfriendly elements. Political platform of National Front protects law and order. The party calls for not showing tolerance in the fight against organized crime and actively protecting civil order. In modern French society, immigrants face such difficulties as finding jobs and assimilating into the mainstream society. A tendency to increase length of stay of immigrants and formation of the new multinational community in France has put forward the problem of integration of immigrants in the socio-economic structure of the country. The adaptation of immigrants is two-sided: the changes taking place in the social value system of the immigrants and the host society. While in the United States, immigrants with poor knowledge of English face certain understanding, immigrants without the knowledge of the French language will experience many difficulties in France. People of brainwork, who came to show themselves, are referred to with indifference. After all, in France, there are enough unemployed citizens. There is also problem with easy work: light physical labor is almost canceled for women. Slavic immigrants have sincere and open character. In contrast, the mentality of the French implies inconsistency, the duality of nature. In addition, French people are very meager. Women in the marriage are often treated negatively. The majority of women remain in the country out of despair, suffering from humiliation, persecution, and even physical abuse. This is probably the most common violation of the rights of the immigrants. However, not all new families are haunted by bad luck, as there are quite happy couples. Naturally, as in any country, the locals do not like immigrants, but it is not spoken out openly. The authorities set up special institutions that provide employment assistance for immigrants. Furthermore, there are agencies that support newcomers in the rapid implementation of the cultural and social life of the country. In France, the good attitude to immigrants is marked from the authorities. They organized a fund to assist immigrants in anything they might need. At the same time, the fund is actively combating discrimination. Until the end of the 1980s, immigration and integration policy of the state in relation to foreign nationals and stateless persons, who sought asylum in France, existed in parallel. It was only in 1991, when the government embarked on special reforms aimed at creating a French model of integration, when appropriate amendments and additions to the legislation of the country were made. French political integration model is based on the principle of acquiring nationality, i.e. citizenship. Under the French law, in accordance with democratic traditions, there are no provisions that discriminate foreigners in comparison with French citizens. Foreigners enjoy the same civil, social, and economic rights as other citizens. However, political rights are secured only for the French citizens. For example, regulations and measures to combat unemployment or vocational integration do not consider immigrants as a special part of the population (â€Å"French Issues†). Despite the fact that the government pays great importance to the organization of joint kindergartens for children of immigrants and the local population, in recent years, greater emphasis has been made on sustaining the level of native language among foreigners. Thus, the authorities hope that a certain number of immigrants return to their homelands. The school system also encounters difficulties. Thus, there are a limited number of special schools in national languages. Despite the fact that schooling is compulsory for all children, including foreign ones, a significant number of the latter do not attend school. No less acute problem is the low level of knowledge of children. At the same time, French families, which belong to the middle class, resort to all sorts of tricks to avoid sending their children to schools with a high percentage of immigrant children. Therefore, French schools are divided into institutions that form elite groups and those that are not prestigious. Both of them are characterized by social or ethnic homogeneity. Immigrants are also a vulnerable category of workers due to the language barrier, low levels of education and training. In this regard, unemployment among foreigners remains stable high. The vast majority of immigrants are employed in low status and low-paid jobs, which French people do not want to do. Racial conflicts have occurred in all spheres of life and activity and been expressed in various forms. The most obvious cases of direct physical impact were beating the colored people, hooligan actions against immigrants and their families. Sometimes, such an attack ends by tragedy: severe injury or death of immigrants. A major role in introducing immigrents to the socio-economic life of the host country belongs to the media. Ethnic newspapers have always played a major role in communication between the immigrants themselves. The same role belongs to the ethnic radio and television. Nevertheless, social media is also used to provide negative image of immigrants in France. Thus, there is number of websites that emphasize on riots and terrorism instead of talking about the treatment of French government towards immigrants. In particular, Kern paid a lot of attention to terrorism, violence, and demonstration among immigrant population. In such a way, the article contributes to the development of negative stereotypes. Moreover, Hargreaves states that French television shows minority ethnic groups as problems (158). Sitcoms, game shows, and other programs contribute to the perception of French people that immigrants do not fit in their community. The recent case deals with terrorist attack on satirical w eekly Charlie Hebdo in the center of Paris. Previously, it suffered from arson after the announcement of the release number called Sharia Ebdo with indicating the Prophet Mohammed as editor. There were no casualties, but the site of the publication was hacked. In conclusion, discrimination and anti-immigrant policy are the fundamental reason for terrorist attacks. France and the entire Europe entered the 2015 completely different. A series of audacious terrorist attacks, which ended by protracted persecution and death of terrorists, forced Western society to face new issues. The challenge that has arisen for French society might be the trigger of more violence or even war if not enough attention is paid to it. Immigrants will be so dissatisfied that they will cause more events similar to burning cars in suburbs and the Charlie Hebdo shootings. The executers of the last attacks were young French citizens, born and bred in this country, who went to a French school, not knowing distant countries. However, they did not manage to find their place in French society due to their ethnicity. Distrust to government policy, deterioration of the socio-economic situation in the country after the economic crisis, negative impact on the living standards, growing problems of integration of Afro-Arab population lead to the radicalization of the views of the French. There is a growth of popularity of right ideologies and parties, primarily the National Front that advocate tightening of immigration policy. As a result, the restrictions, anti-immigration laws, discrimination, and stereotypes cause the growth of dissatisfaction among immigrants, which results in violence and riots. In order to prevent possible increase in terrorism actions and demonstrations, it is important to provide more tolerant politics towards foreigners. In addition, in modern world, everyone should have the same rights no matter what race they belong to or religion they affiliate themselves with.

Health communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Health communication - Essay Example However, this happens only when the interaction between people who are healthy and people who are not healthy is positive, productive and mature. Communication is the only means through which the health problems can be solved with positive results. Our ideas of health care are influenced by our upbringing, grandma remedies, advertisers and media programs ( Athena du Pre, 2004, p3) . Every person is different in different ways. The cultural background and behavior pattern matters a lot in any communication. So the way you communicate with one person cannot work with the other person as he is not the same. Communication pattern changes and depends on all the parties involved in communication. (Athena du Pre, 2004, p4). Health is not just the physical aspect of our body. It means having a harmonious and peaceful balance of work, mind, relationships and life. Hence communication becomes a vital part of any health related treatment. Lena is girl who has come from the ethnic background Southeast Asia. She has been raised according to the cultural traditions of her native land even after staying in the United States for approximately ten years. One day, after Lena suddenly fainted in class, she was taken to hospital by her best friend Susie. Lena was upset to find herself in the emergency room with her best friend Susie sitting by her side. She yelled at Susie for bringing her there, exclaiming, â€Å"I’m not weak! I can get better on my own! You know this, Susie!† As she began to get out of bed, Susie notified a medical assistant, who came in and restrained Lena, saying, â€Å"Listen girl, I don’t have time to deal with this today! You need to stay here, you are sick!† Immediately after, the doctor

Human resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 7

Human resources - Essay Example Recruitment or employment is defined as a method of attracting individuals towards a vacant position in a company. When a post or job exists, employment is initiated (Billsberry, 2008). Selection is a method of engaging suitable person for a correct job or position at a correct time at an appropriate cost. The process of selection is followed by the recruitment process (Dale, 2003). There are various types of decision which are taken by the managers of Tesco Plc before the process of recruitment, which includes initially thinking about candidates from inside the division. Then they decide to consider the applicants from the University or college who shows their concern in the job. If the positions still remains unfilled then they consider selecting candidate from various sources beyond the University. Other decisions include job analysis, job depiction, and the selection criteria decided by the company (Yu and Cable, 2013). There are various recruitment approaches which are adopted by the companies as a part of their recruitment exercise. The two types of approaches are rational and processual approach of employment. Rational approaches are based on the grounds of selecting the most appropriate candidate in relation to their current and potential competencies. It identifies the abilities required to carry out a job in a proper way than just focusing on the personal characteristics (Leighton and Proctor, 2006). Processual approach involves several processes such as preparing job description, making advertisement of the vacancy, managing responses, arranging and conducting interviews, and making final decisions before selecting the candidate (O’Meara, 2013). According to Torrington et al. (2014), although rational approaches provides the organisations to customise their recruitment and selection processes in accordance with their individual requirements, processual approaches are more commonly use d because of an all

Hedley Bull And the Presence of the International Society Essay

Hedley Bull And the Presence of the International Society - Essay Example This report stresses that there are situations where despite a war taking place, no state is able to achieve victory, thus reaching a stalemate. Under such circumstances, both of these states take an active role in ensuring that the order is retained within the international society because long wars might lead to the collapse of the state. This paper has attempted to agree with Hedley Bull’s statement that the international society has always been a part of the world political system. The international society has been based on the actions of states to make sure that their principal interests are catered for while at the same time protecting their existence. In addition, within the world political system, the international society has been in existence mainly through the influence of powerful states over weaker ones. Moreover, throughout history, the world has been dominated by a need to ensure a balance of power so that the state systems that had developed could be protected. It is also essential to note that the international society has been developed through the willingness of states to ensure that they adhere to international laws. Furthermore, diplomacy plays a crucial role in the formation of an international society because it allows for the development of constant contact between the governments of diff erent states. Finally, despite its chaotic nature, war has always been an important factor in the formation of international society throughout history as seen through the various conflicts between states that have eventually resulted in stable systems.

The Seven C Principals

The Seven C Principals To compose effective written or oral messages, you must apply certain communication principles. These principles provide guideline for choice of content and style of presentation, adapted to the purpose and receiver of your message. These principles are not only limited to a sentence level, they are also applicable to all forms of communications, from mere utterances and sentences to complete documents or presentations. To some extent the principles overlap because they are based on a common concern for the audience, whether that audience consists of listeners or readers. These principles are called . WHY THEY ARE CALLED 7CS Seven Cs are the seven most useful qualities of effective communication. They are called Seven Cs because name of each of these qualities starts with a C, and they are seven in numbers, therefore they are called Seven Cs. Although they are just seven small words starting with a letter C but their importance for effective business communication is same as the importance of seven seas for the world. The Seven Cs are as follows: 1- Correctness 2- Completeness 3- Conciseness 4- Clarity 5- Creativeness 6- Courtesy 7- Consideration 1) Completeness Message Receiver- either listener or reader, desire complete information to their question. e.g. suppose you are working with multinational company who is engaging with engineering goods, like A.C. Now let say one of your major customer wants some technical information regarding thermostat (because he wants to convey the same to the end users). In this case you have to provide him complete information in a short span of time. If possible, provide him some extra information which he does not know, in this way you can maintain a good business relation with him, otherwise he may switch to another company. Five Ws: One way to make your message complete is to answer the five Ws. WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE? WHY? The five question method is useful when you write requests, announcements, or other informative messages. For instance, to order (request) merchandise, make clear WHAT you want, WHEN u need it, WHERE it is to be sent. 2) Conciseness Conciseness means convey the message by using fewest words. Conciseness is the prerequisite to effective business communication. As you know that all businessmen have very short time. Hence a concise message saves the time and expenses for both the parties. How to achieve the conciseness? For achieving the conciseness you have to consider the following. 1. Avoid wordy expression 2.Include only relevant material 3.Avoid unnecessary repetition. Avoid Wordy Expression E.g. Wordy: at this time. Instead of at this time you can just use only a concise word: NOW, Always try to use To the point Approach in business scenario perspective. Include only relevant information à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Always try to provide only relevant information to the receiver of the message. Lets say one of your customers requested à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ For clients of the company o in reply you should provide simply list of clients at the panel of your company. o No need to provide detailed business information about client at all. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Observe the following suggestions to Include only relevant information. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stick to the purpose of message Delete irrelevant words Avoid long introduction, unnecessary explanation etc. Get to the important point concisely. Avoid un-necessary Repetition Sometimes repetition is necessary for focusing some special issue. But when the same thing is said without two or three reasons, the message become wordy and boring. Thats why try to avoid Un-necessary repetition. Some ways to eliminate unnecessary words Use shorter name after you have mentioned the long once. e.g. Spectrum communications Private limited use spectrum. Use pronouns or initials E.g. Instead of world trade organization use WTO or You can use IT for Information Technology. (Keeping in views that receiver knows about these terms) 3) Consideration Consideration means To consider the receivers Interest/Intention. It is very important in effective communication while writing a message you should always keep in mind your target group consideration is very important C among all the seven Cs. Three specific ways to indicate consideration à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Focus on you instead of I or We à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Show audience benefit or interest of the receiver à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Emphasize positive, pleasant facts. Using you help you, but over use lead a negative reaction. Always write a message in such a way how audience should be benefited from it. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ We attitude: I am delighted to announce that we will extend to make shopping more. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ You attitude: You will be able to shop in the evening with the extended hours. Readers may react positively when benefit are shown to them. Always try to address his/her need and want. Always show/write to readerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ what has been done so far as his/her query is concerned. And always avoid that his/her need and wants. Always avoid that has not been done so far. 4) Concreteness It means that message should be specific instead of general. Misunderstanding of words creates problems for both parties (sender and receiver). When you talk to your client always use facts and figures instead of generic or irrelevant information. The following guidelines should help you to achieve the Concreteness. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Use specific facts and figures à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ choose image building words e.g General He is very intelligent student of class and stood first in the class. e.g. Alis GPA in B.Sc Electrical Engineering 2k3-f session was 3.95/4.0; he stood first in his class. Always write on a very solid ground. It should definitely create good image as well. 5) Clarity Accurately is purpose of clarity In effective business communication the message should be very much clear. So that reader can understand it easily. You should always choose precise words. Always choose familiar and easy words. Construct effective sentences and paragraphs. In business communication always use precise words rather longer statements. If you have a choice between long words and shorter one, always use shorter one. You should try your level best to use familiar/easy to understand words so that your reader will quickly understand it. Familiar Next familiar words 1-after subsequent 2-home domicile 3-for example e.g. 4-pay remuneration 5-invoice statement for payments 6) Courtesy Knowing your audience allows you to use statements of courtesy; be aware of your message receiver. True courtesy involves being aware not only of the perspective of others, but also their feelings. Courtesy stems from a sincere you-attitude. It is not merely politeness with mechanical insertions of please and Thank you. Although Appling socially accepted manners is a form of courtesy. Rather, it is politeness that grows out respect and concern for others. Courteous communication generates a special tone in their writing and speaking. How to generate a Courteous Tone? The following are suggestions for generating a courteous tone: Be sincerely tactful, thoughtful and appreciative. Use expressions that show respect for the others Choose nondiscriminatory expressions be sincerely Tactful, Thoughtful and Appreciative Though few people are intentionally abrupt or blunt, these negative traits are common cause of discourtesy. Avoid expression like those in the left hand column below; rephrase them as shown in the right-hand column. Tactless, Blunt More Tactful Stupid letter; I cant understand I should understand it, as there is no confusing word in this letter, could you please explain it once again? Its your fault, you did not properly Sometimes my wording is not precise; let me try gain read my latest FAX Thoughtfulness and Appreciation Writers who send cordial, courteous messages of deserved congratulations and appreciation (to a person inside outside) help to build goodwill. The value of goodwill or public esteem for the firm may be worth thousands of dollars. 7) Correctness At the core of correctness are the proper grammar, punctuation and spelling. However, message must be perfect grammatically and mechanically. The term correctness, as applied to business messages also mean three characteristics o Use the right level of language o Check the accuracy of figures, facts and words o Maintain acceptable writing mechanics. Use the right Level of Language We suggest that there are three level of language 2. Formal 3. informal 4. Substandard. Take a quick guess: what kind of writing is associated with each level? What is the style of each? Formal and Informal Words Formal writing is often associated with scholarly writing: doctoral dissertations, scholarly, legal documents, top-level government agreements and other material where formality is demanded. Informal writing is more characteristic of business writing. Here you use words that are short, well-known and conversational as in this comparison list: More Formal Less Formal Participate Join Endeavor try Ascertain find out Utilize Use Interrogate question. Substandard Language Avoid substandard language. Using correct words, incorrect grammar, faulty pronunciation all suggest as inability to use good English. Some examples follow: Substandard More Acceptable Aint isnt,arent Cant hardly can hardly Aim to proving aim to prove Desirous to desirous of Stoled stolen. Facts and Figures Accuracy Check Accuracy of Facts, Figures and words it is impossible to convey meaning precisely, through words, from the head of the sender to a receiver. Our goal is to be as precise as possible, which means checking and double-checking and double-checking to ensure that the figures, facts and words you use are correct. A good check of your data is to have another person read and comment on the validity of the material à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Figures and facts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Verify your statistical data à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Double-check your totals à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Avoid guessing at laws that have an impact on you, the sender and your à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Have someone else read your message if the topic involves data. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Determine whether a fact has changed over time. Proper Use of Confusing Words! Our Language (Any) is constantly changing. In fact, even dictionaries can not keep up with rapid change in our language. The following words often confusing in usage: A, An use a before consonants and consonants sounds or a long u sound. Use an before vowels. Accept, except accept is a verb and means to receive. Except is a verb or a preposition and relates to Omitting or leaving out. Anxious, eager Anxious implies worry, eager conveys keen desire CONCLUSION These 7Cs help a person to compose a message in such a way that brings back the positive feedback from the receivers. Thats why it is advice able for everyone to understand and apply these 7Cs whether he is a teacher, doctor, businessman or a student.

The Irony Of Lord Jim :: Essays Papers

The Irony Of Lord Jim Lord Jim was written by Joseph Conrad in 1900. Lord Jim’s tale is a lesson in life. It includes many key literary aspects; the main one, nevertheless, would be irony. With parts of the story exhibiting heroic redemption and others cowardice and shortcomings, it shows the vast conflicts that take place in the story. Lord Jim shows the many hardships the main character,Tuan Jim or Lord Jim, had to go through with great detail. Lord Jim tests the basic worth of a man and the truth that lies within one’s soul. The central irony in this book balances itself upon morality and guilt with a tragic result. Jim’s soul continued to torture itself for the betrayal he performed when he left the Patna to sink. Jim’s soul would forever punish him for the unspeakable act he committed when he left the Patna to sink. As so, Jim was destined to live the rest of his life in misery when he left the eight hundred passengers to die. The Patna incident caused a chain of self hatred and self loathing that would go on until Jim’s death. Jim’s ever churning soul made him very unhappy. Fighting constantly within himself made Jim experience extreme guilt and anguish. The way Jim struggled on the inside caused Jim to seem lack luster and lazy on the outside. If Jim would have been more at peace with his soul he would not have been in such pain. Being that Jim was somewhat innocent when he first became a water clerk aboard the Patna; he lacked the mental toughness that would be crucial in key situations. With virtue and perseverance Jim struggled on. Trying to find his inner self and to become a good sailor was important to Jim. Forced into maturing because of the importance of his job; Jim often felt isolated and alone. But his love for the sea kept him going even in tough times; ironically it would be the same love that would lead to his destruction. Indeed, Jim had a great love for the sea. He respected it and its powers. Although it took a tragic event to learn the seas authoritative powers , Jim still admired it. The sea was Jim’s motivation and his passion.

A Career as a Finance Officer

Every company desires good business. Their primary goals are to earn money, spend in intelligent ways that will increase the company value, and have enough money left to stay clear of debt. It is critical that a company have good financial management in order to attain these goals. Without the proper direction and implementation of solid financial strategies, few companies will survive.Upon completion of my degree, I am planning to work in the field of financial management as a finance officer.A finance officer directs the company budget toward their financial goals, oversees investments, and the financial objectives of an organization. They may also deal with acquisitions and mergers. I am very interested in finding a position as a finance manager, where I am able to use my education, skills and enthusiasm for finance to promote a company’s interests.It is necessary for a finance officer to be well educated, with at least a bachelor’s degree. The entry market is highly competitive and any additional experience or education obtainable is an advantage. Many companies prefer to hire financial managers with an advanced degree or some experience.As I begin my job search, I will research each company of interest to determine their criteria for hire. I understand that some companies require entry exams or a certificate program through their company for prospective employees.Also, it may be necessary to take a position with less responsibility or compensation in order to obtain the experience necessary to advance. My education in computers is will be an advantage since all financial and inter-office interaction is typically computer based.My excellent communication and people skills will assist me in a position as a finance officer. Since most managers will be directly overseeing other employees, being able to direct projects, assign responsibilities and lead others towards desired goals is critical. It is also important to be able to work in a team envi ronment and to be able to explain complex financial information in a clear way. I believe that these are some of my strong points.A successful finance officer is one who is willing to constantly learn and grow in their field. They must change in response to technological developments and data analysis techniques. They must stay on top of the current trends and information in the financial field and they need to be aware of current tax laws governing their industry.Various seminars and workshops are available for continuing education, which may or may not be required, but are always a good idea. The Internet provides much of the current information in the finance world, but trade journals deliver cutting edge information.The Financial Management Association International, based at the College of Business Administration at the University of South Florida in Tampa (http://www.fma.org/) publishes a quarterly and a bi-annual journal (http://www.fma.org/jaf.htm), and the Association for F inancial Professionals in Bethesda, Maryland (http://www.afponline.org/), offers a monthly publication.Both of these regularly have articles about current research, software development, and information of interest to those in finance fields. They post meeting minutes and notifications of available workshops as well.

Gender Socialization by the Toy Industry

The message of gender socialization being imposed upon young children subliminally becomes quite obvious when one observes the Wal-Mart toy department from an unbiased viewpoint. Normally when I venture into the toy department, which is almost always against my will, I’m on a swift mission. Find a toy to reward my 3 year old nephew with after a good week of daycare and get the heck out of there. However, when you’re child free and walking the aisles, you become bombarded with gender driven propaganda. You enter an aisle that might as well say â€Å"For Boys Only† at the entrance. Taking a look around you see cars and trucks packaged in oversized, brightly or dark colored boxes splattered with images of little boys happily playing with the toy all over the box. You pass fire trucks, police cars, race tracks, cowboys, astronauts and construction toys, all clearly portraying them as â€Å"Boys Toys† so vividly all they’re missing is a button one can push that will shout â€Å"This is so not for girls! On a trip to the next aisle over you become overwhelmed by bright pink or pastel boxes, decorated with flower images or sparkly pictures of little girls playing with the toy. You pass Barbie with her plastic blonde hair and plastic blue eyes, next to her obviously less popular brunette friend, Teresa. Clearly this shows little girls what the â€Å"ideal gorgeous woman† should look like. Barbie shows a woman can conquer the world if she’s wearing the r ight outfit. She can be a CEO, flight attendant, lawyer, nurse, doctor, dancer, princess or astronaut and all she has to do is stand still, look pretty, have monstrously oversized breasts, and wear the right clothes. Who really wants their daughter to believe this is the ticket to success? You see the Easy Bake Oven with a big glossy picture of two young girls baking a small desert. You see tea sets and baby dolls and all you come to find is that girls are being subliminally trained they are to be subservient, attractive, domestic and beautiful. They should be demure, domestic, and trained to raise children. I left the toy section a little nauseous. As a child I was given Hot Wheels cars and Barbie’s. I had a black big wheel with flames on it and an Easy Bake Oven. I had an ant farm and a doll house next to each other in my childhood bedroom, and I think I turned out alright. It’s sad to see children’s genders being shoved down their throats by propaganda, especially now that we have male nurses and women in congress; however, pink is for girls and blue is for boys according to the advertising and toy industries, and I doubt that will ever change.

defining a Patriot essays

defining a Patriot essays Ever since the towers came down, and the flags went up, there has been a widening split over the best way to fight this war on terror. New legislation created to deal with these threats was initially met with full support, as immediate action was needed to effectively respond to the attacks. In the past couple of years however, these laws have been more carefully scrutinized, and met with increasing opposition. The central issue to these concerns is the possible violations of civil liberties that these laws may allow. But the larger issue goes beyond the laws themselves, asking the question, Do the ends justify the means? In fighting this war on terror we have been forced to change the way we view and approach the world, and while most Americans agree that freedom is worth fighting for, we all have different ideas on how to protect it. One such piece of legislation, the Patriot Act, has become the poster child for people frustrated with the way the Bush administration has handled our security after 9-11. While there are questionable sections to the act that deserve our attention and analysis, the cries are more against the misrepresentation and disenfranchisement many are feeling. In fact, when it comes to protecting our country and promoting freedom throughout the world, we may be closer in policy than we think. The testimony of John Ashcroft to the committee on the Judiciary goes a long way in explaining why these rifts exist. Not only by what is said, but by the way he says it. Throughout this entire campaign the Bush administration has relied on fear to force people to accept its mandates. Mr. Ashcroft opens his remarks by reading off the names of 6 people killed on September 11th, and then goes into quoting the fanatical fatwas made against the United States by terrorists. This is used to put fear into our hearts, so that when he gets to the proposed amendments to the Patriot Act, we would find them...

18 to 20 Page Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

18 to 20 Page Research Proposal - Essay Example Dropping out Ð ¾f Ã'•chool limitÃ'• oneÃ'• choiceÃ'• Ð °nd labor market advantageÃ'• in an increaÃ'•ingly Ã'•ophiÃ'•ticated economic Ð °nd Ã'•ocial climate; thuÃ'•, an incomplete high school education engenders grave conÃ'•equenceÃ'• for thÐ µ individual Ð °nd Ã'•ociety in termÃ'• Ð ¾f economic impact Ð °nd future productivity (Ð…trothÐ µr, 2006). These negative impacts of dropout rates are heightened when students with special needs are in question because they have disabilities that already act as a handicap when they try to embark on a career. Furthermore, the dropout rates of special education students triple that of ordinary students (Blackorby and Wagner, 2006; deBettencourt, Zigmond and Thornton, 2005). This makes the issue of the high dropout rates of special education students more pressing. That is why it is highly important for the causes and reasons for special education students dropping out of high school to be examined. Sadly, it is only in the recent years that awareness for the drop out rates of special education students have arisen. This is because â€Å"students with disabilities are included in the â€Å"all students† agenda of federal, state, and district standards-based reforms† through the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (Thurlow, Sinclair and Johnson, 2002). Furthermore, studies that have been conducted that present usable data related to students with disabilities that can be adapted to the present times are very few compared to studies of drop out rates of regular students (Lehr, et al., 2004, p. 13). The fact that special education students â€Å"have been identified as being among the lowest performing students on current high-stakes tests† shows the urgency of the need f or programs that can help them stay in school and graduate. This is the primary reason why there is a need to closely examine the top reasons why special education students drop

Graffiti Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Graffiti - Research Paper Example T is from these motivations that graffiti is categorized into four. These are ideological, conventional, tagging and gangs. Ideological graffiti is where artist make discriminative, offensive and political symbols or slogans in public areas. This type of graffiti is normally motivated by politics, anger, defiance, hostility and hate. Conventional graffiti is where people put down simple messages on surfaces and paintings in public places. This type of graffiti is usually random and is normally done very quickly. It lacks an artistic touch since it is not mercenarily done by artist hence it has no theme or agenda in them. Conventional graffiti is often associated with adolescence who usually do it during their leisure time. A good example is where one writes a message such as â€Å"Daniel was here† on a public wall or surface. Gang graffiti is a category is the type of graffiti where different gangs mostly in cities spray or inscribe their name or symbol on a public surface or wall to illustrate that that area is their territory. Gang graffiti is usually a mode of communication to other gangs to avoid doing business both illegal and legal on another gang’s tuff. ... Cave drawings by natives are often regarded as the earliest form of graffiti irrespective of the fact that it did not have an artistic touch. However, the first form of modern graffiti is believed to have begun in ancient Greece specifically the city of Ephesus which is known as Turkey today. This graffiti is somewhat different from the graffiti practiced today in terms of content in that it was used to communicate messages. For example, in the ruins of the city of Ephesus there is a graffiti composed of a foot, a number and a heart which communicate that there was a brothel nearby. This graffiti is found on a stone and mosaic walk away in the city. There are also drawings of bald men on walls in the city which was used to refer to politicians at the time. Scholars have attributed the spread of graffiti from the United States of America specifically the hip hop culture. Graffiti intertwined with the hip hop culture in the United States of America where hip hop slogans were used to co mmunicate to the public through graffiti in the New York subways, bridges among others. For example, one of the notable graffiti done back in the early 20th century is the myriad graffiti which were in the New York subway. Since then, graffiti has spread all over the continent especially in Europe where artist have used this form of unauthorized art to convey different messages and emotions. The ideological graffiti is the most common type of this art which has been used to communicate and illustrates messages that related to the issues I questions. It has been used to convey messages about politics, race, and gender throughout Europe depending on the social or political issue that was going on in Europe during at the time. During the